Does not exist in Spanish, nor its so-called singular transpolado. Although transpolar ends in 'ar' is an adjective, not a verb, so it is not a participle. See extrapolate, interpolate.
Hmm adjective, masculine, plural. It says travel a path that passes by a terrestrial pole or close to it. The mentioned lexeme takes the prefix trans - which means "the other side", "on", "by means of of".