Linguistics: from latin lingua, tongue, tongue. Scientific study of human languages, its structure and its historical evolution, study in which there are many trends, schools and approaches. I would highlight two: the structuralism of Ferdinand Sausure in the 19th century, which tends to consider language as a system or structure and generative grammar of Noam Chomsky on the 20th that understands it as a mental process of the speaker that in community acquires speech from some innate abilities.